hate speech

hypercosmic god

nationality

French

occupation / innovator as

philosopher

scientist

theoretical physicist

philosopher of science

innovator in the field of

philosophy

philosophy of science

theoretical physics

scientific organization

Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques

physicist

university teacher

International Academy for Philosophy of Science

1s 2est is whether the utterance could incite an ordinary, reasonable person not immune from susceptibility to incitement nor holding racially prejudicial views, to hatred, serious contempt or severe ridicule (not that they had been so incited).

Also, in Harou-Sourdon, the Tribunal adopted an objective standard to determine whether an utterance was considered an offence. The test was whether the utterance could incite an ordinary, reasonable person not immune from susceptibility to incitement nor holding racially prejudicial views, to hatred, serious contempt or severe ridicule (not that they had been so incited). The context of the statement was taken into account in determining the incitement potential, including such factors as the length of the vilifying utterance compared with other utterances, and the tone of the discussion and whether repetition of the vilification occurred.

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Bernard d'Espagnat

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Bernard d'Espagnat