Are Mostly Expectations

Measure

Need Interpretation To Exist

Only Exist Because We Agreed

Only Happen For Money

Only Mean Something To One Person

Things Worth More Than They Cost

value

cost

candy cane

dad joke

free

labor

Ikea effect

psychological phenomena and effects

is a 'truth' which belongs to us alone and that can be neither known nor justified according to some universal metric.

But everything for which the word 'knowledge' makes any sense refers to the domain of reckoning, weighing, measuring, to the domain of quantity... while, on the other hand, all our sensations of value (Le., simply our sensations) adhere precisely to qualities, Le., to our perspective 'truths' which belong to us alone and can by no means be 'known'! It is obvious that every creature different from us senses different qualities and consequently lives in a different world from that in which we live. Qualities are an idiosyncrasy peculiar to man... to demand that our human interpretations and values should be universal and perhaps constitutive values is one of the hereditary madnesses of human pride. (nietzsche 'will to power' 305)

is a belief about behavior that transcends specific situations, guides behavior, and is ordered relative to other values in a system of value priorities.

a belief pertaining to desirable end states or modes of conduct, that transcend specific situations, guides selection or evaluation of behavior, people, and events, and is ordered by importance relative to other values to form a system of value priorities (1994: 20). with Bilsky

is a conception of the desirable which influences the selection from available modes, means, and ends of action.

a conception, explicit or implicit, distinctive of an individual or characteristic of a groups, of the desirable, which influences the selection from available modes, means, and ends of action' (1951: 395)

is a construct used to resolve problematic situations or solve practical problems. They can become like an outmoded piece of technology.

values 'are constructs used to resolve problematic situations (or solve practical problems).'because of this, THEY CAN BECOME LIKE AN OUTMODED PIECE OF TECHNOLOGY, and 'A hinderance to the capacity of those in the present to deal with their practical needs and worries'.

is a moral belief to which people appeal for the ultimate rationales of action.

those moral beliefs to which people appeal for the ultimate rationales of action' (1983: 28)

is a relation of interests between a subject and object.

the word 'value' as I am using it, always refers to a relation between a subject and object -either the object has a value for the subject or the subject has an interest in the object' (Radcliffe-Brown 1939: 19). relations of interest.

is a sort of fact which grips us. It is a form of domestication of what grips us such that people are willing to die for something indescribable that grips them while no-one dies for one's values.

everything that really matters to us and grips us is turned into values. . . . nobody dies for values. . . . values are just sort of facts. What you die for are the kind of things that grip you so basically and matter to you so much that you can't even get clear about what they are . . . because they're too deep and too basic for that' (dreyfus lecture on 'age of the world picture')

is a statement of preference that comes out through a series of complicated processes.

Through a series of complicated processes, the individual finally comes out with a statement of preference, such a statement of preference we shall term a value' (Bateson1951:45).

value, n.Memes

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value