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Experience results in neither knowledge nor feeling but in the construction of the subject itself.

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Modern society is suffering, as its central pathology, from the colonization and technizationa of the lifeworld by the system. That is, 'success' and 'efficiency' have become over-extended into the communicative sphere.

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Modernity is complicated by the question as to whether rationalization, and democratization are actually universal, progressive tendencies of modern societies or just local consequences of the peculiar path of recent western development.

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Modernity is essentially the increasing distinction of social domains (state, market, religion, law, art, science, and technology) into separate 'culture spheres', each with its own autonomous logic and institutional identity.

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Modernity is reliant on the key notion of rationalization, or the generalization of technical rationality (i.e. Calculation, control, efficiency, technical manipulation) as a cultural form.

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Modernity is troubled by the ambiguity over whether rationalization, and democratization are universal, progressive tendencies, or local, western developments.

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Progress is a dynamic whose criteria are always flux. Technology studies complicates the notion of progress at the risk of dissolving it altogether.

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Rationalization is the generalization of technical rationality as a cultural form, specifically, the introduction of calculation and control into social processes with a consequent increase in efficiency. But rationalization also reduces the normative and qualitative richness of the traditional social world, exposing social reality to technical manipulation.