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Donald Winnicott

7 April 1896-25 January 1971

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Aggression is a nonhostile, nondestructive, constructive energy at the service of development, differentiation, mastery, object relations, and the maintenance of a satisfactory balance between the self and the environment.

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Aggression is not an instinct as such, in the classical freudian sense. It is a biologically given energy to establish oneself in the world through motility and love by pushing against objects in order to find the crucial developmental moment of differentiating between 'me' and 'not-me'.

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Aggression is not derived from a classically conceived aggressive drive. It can serve to overcome obstacles to the achievement of certain goals, that it is not inherently destructive, and that it can be associated with a large variety of affects and actions.

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Aggression is the foundation on which the self is built and is needed for the capacity to love and to establish a relationship with the object.

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Boredom is a psychic sickness. A patient who sustains the analyst's interest, no matter how grave the conflict, can still be helped in analysis. One who is boring to the analyst needs psychiatric treatment.

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Boredom is an organized and defensive mood and a psychic structure while boring implies a demand and a hopefulness.

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Good-enough mothering is the idea that mothers need not be paragons of mothering and that ordinary mothers in their natural tendencies are usually sufficient for normal infant trust and maturation.