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Anchoring is a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the 'anchor') when making decisions. During decision making, anchoring occurs when individuals use an initial piece of information to make subsequent judgments.

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Anchoring is the inclination to anchor one's decision on a matter in some initial impression or initial piece of information.

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Anchoring is the tendency to estimate an unknown quantity, for example, the price of a house, in large part, by the asking price.

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Association is the basic structure of the mind. It is an association machine and the way it works it to have associations to tables and, to dogs, and to cats, and to harvard professors.

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Cognitive ease is the brain in those instances when system 1 and system 2 are cooperating good-naturedly with one another. When increased demand is put on your cognitive system, cognitive ease may shift into cognitive strain.

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Courage is willingness to take a risk once one knows the odds whereas optimistic overconfidence means one is taking the risk because one doesn't know the odds.

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Federalism is grounded in the opinion that the public good was not ultimately related to virtue, but rather, was merely the sum total of private conflicting interests.

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The Halo effect is the tendency to make assumptions based on a single factor: For example, thinking a booming bass voice may be thought to possess strong leadership skills.

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Heuristic is a simple procedure that helps find adequate, though often imperfect, answers to difficult questions. The word comes from the same root as eureka.

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The Mind is an association machine. The way it works it to have associations to tables and, to dogs, and to cats, and to harvard professors.

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Optimism is, for some people, a genetic endowment. Such people hardly need to be told that they are lucky; they already feel fortunate.