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environment

biology

ecology

ology (the study of)

climate change

conservation

environmentalism

pollution

is a dialectical scene where the interaction reified as structure and agency is manifest in predictable repetitions.

a dialectical scene where the interaction reified as structure and agency is manifest in predictable repetitions... an environment is made via spatial practices and can absorb how time ordinarily passes, how forgettable most events are, and, overall, how people's ordinary perseverations fluctuate in patterns of undramatic attachment and identification' (berlant slow dying).

is a given, a piece of reality that is simply there, as opposed to the landscape which is a product of human cognition.

an environment is a given, a piece of reality that is simply there', as opposed to the landscape, which is a product of human cognition, an achievement of the mature mind' (Tuan 1979: 90, 100.).

is a world that continually unfolds in relation to the beings that make a living there.

Tim Ingold writes of the 'condensed stories' that become evident when we move beyond a focus on the physical world (which 'exist in and for itself') to the environment ('a world that continually unfolds in relation to the beings that make a living there a world of materials'). See more at: http://www.inthemedievalmiddle.com/2013/02/stories-of-stone-introduction.html#stash.A30di9oN.dpuf

is always already cultural since we can only know it through meaning-making practices that are inherently cultural.

On the other hand, there is a stronger epistemological claim that the environment is always already cultural since we can only know it through meaning-making practices that are inherently cultural. See Escobar 2010 for a more detailed discussion).

is another way of saying resistance to systems, which emerges out of too much complexity, not an active resistance to a system's urge to order.

The resistance that environments proffer systems is a resistance emerging out of too much complexity, not an active resistenace to a system's urge to order' ((Gershon 2005:102)

the important distinction between the environment of the living system as it appears to the observer and without reference to the autonomous unity -which we shall call hereafter simply the environment and the environment for the system which is defined in the same movement that gave rise to its identity and that only exist in that mutual definition hereinafter the system's world'

is first and foremost defined in contrast to nature whereby nature implies 'without' human beings. Environment is relational to human or animal beings, and second, it is incomplete, not a bounded entity, but a process that is always under construction.

Ingold therefore endorses the study of environment instead of the study of nature. He explicitly objects to the term nature, which, according to him, designates the Western idea of nature as a world wihtout human beings, an idea that has also been incorporated into natural science. Ingold defines the term environment, first, as relational that is, environment exist only in relation to a being (human or animal). The term environment, in contrast to the term nature, implies the idea of beings within a world. Second, Ingold defines environment as incomplete that is, environments are continually under construction through the activities of living beigns, human or nonhuman (Ingold 2000:20). Environment is thus not a bounded entity, something that is already present and available for analysis independent of the beings it relates to, but rather a process (ibid.). (In The Gaddi Beyond Pastoralism: Making Place in the Indian Himalayas By Anja Wagner 15)

is, in contrast to the term nature, such that it implies the idea of beings within a world.

The term environment, in contrast to the term nature, implies the idea of beings within a world. Second, Ingold defines environment as incomplete that is, environments are continually under construction through the activities of living beigns, human or nonhuman (Ingold 2000:20).

environment, n.All

environment