History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠nothing but the creation of man through human labor.

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a march toward man's self-realization.

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠nothing but a continuous transformation of human nature.

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠nothing but the activity of men in pursuit of their ends. It is not history which uses men as a means of achieving as if it were an individual person its own ends.

History (n.) repeats ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠itself, first as tragedy, second as farce.

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a thing than men make for themselves, but they do not make it just as they please. The tradition of all the dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living.

History (n.) men ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠make for themselves, but they do not make it just as they please. They do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past. The tradition of all the dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living.

History's (n.) work ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠is to discover the various use of things.

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠far from having been completed, in fact it has not even begun; what we call history is only the pre-history of humanity. .

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠made by men themselves, but they do not make it just as they please,

History (n.) is, ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠in all cases, nothing but the history of the exploitation of one part of society by the other.

History (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a succession of forms of ownership, tribal in the first instance, then ‘communal’ in the city-states of Greece and Rome, next feudal, and now capitalist.

Judaism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not a religion or a race, but rather the embodiment of civil society; a principle that makes alienation possible.

Judaism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠dangerous to the 19th century in that the existence of the jews and their religion makes possible the renaissance of the bourgeois spirit after it had lain dormant for some 2,000 years.

Judaism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not a manifestation of theological belief or cultural heritage: It is a form of social behavior which,despite its name, had little to do with the jewish community. It was rather a product of the rapacious new forces of capitalism, which were enslaving jews as well as Christians.

Judaism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a concept that, in the 19th century, had ceased to be a religious, ethnic, or cultural. It has become transformed in to an economic and social category transcending national boundaries. 'Bourgeois society is constantly producing the jew out of its own inner being'.

Judaism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not to be condemned as an ethic community, but as a spirit, the 'spirit of judaism' which, which, while common among jews, was also gaining many adherents among Christians.

Judaism's (n.) secular ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠basis is practical concern and selfishness. Usury is the secular object of its worship, and money is its secular God.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a higher social form, whose fundamental principle is the full and free development of every individual.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠an outcome inherent in capitalism's trajectory, but history is not a goaldirected process steered by communism.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not so much a social state otherwise the dialectic would come to an end but rather a conscious principle of movement.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not the end of private consumption, but the end to the exploitation of the labour of others.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the immanent potential that haunts, and emerges in and through, capitalism.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a form of society which is beyond justice simpliciter, not simply beyond distributive justice.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a mode of production that takes as its aim the turning of the proletariat into a class.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠a not a dictatorship, but a form of humanism, it is the 'advent of practical humanism'.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠fulfilled naturalism... it is humanism, and insofar as it is fulfilled humanism, it is naturalism. This means that human work, as the humanization of nature, is at the same time that which naturalizes man, brings him back to his human essence, humanizes him.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠humanism, or rather, it is the end of humanism: It is what humanism is to become, and it is what every humanism is striving for and tending toward.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not a state of affairs which is to be established or an ideal to which reality will have to adjust itself. Rather it is the real movement which abolishes the present state of things. The conditions of this movement result from the premises now in existence.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not an ideal, external to the contradictions of social life: It is the movement of revolutionary supersession of the present society that is made possible by the elements with which it is pregnant.

Communism (n.) abolishes ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the eternal truths common to all states of society (such as freedom), it abolishes all religion, and all morality, instead of constituting them on a new basis... it therefore acts in contradiction to all past historical experience.

Communism (n.) begins ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠where atheism begins.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the abolution of private property and thus the abolition of human self-alienation, and the return of man himself as social, as really human being, a return that assimilates all the wealth of previous development.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the appropriate standard for assessing capitalism and, more importantly, for ascertaining what we ought to do, only insofar as it is an attainable goal.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the developmental end-point of human history and it is the point when all people will become fully developed as individuals. True human development will only take place when communism is established.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the end of money. The idea is that 'productive forces will increase with the all-round development of the individual such that all the springs of common wealth flow more abundantly... hence the famous phrase: 'From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs'.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the genuine resolution of the antagonism between man and nature and between man and man... it is the true resolution of the conflict between existence and essence, objectification and self-affirmation, freedom and necessity, individual and species. It is the riddle of history solved and knows itself as the solution.

Communism (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠the positive transcendence of private property (which is basically a concrete form of human self-estrangement) and is therefore the complete return of man to himself as a social (i.e., human) being.

Truth (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠necessarily related to the social situation. It is, in the end, a pragmatic affair.

Truth (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠not abstract correspondence between thought and reality but rather the economic, political, societal, and historical fruitfulness of thought in practice.

Truth (n.) is ⁠​‌​​​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​​‌​‌​​‌‌​‌​​‌​​​​​‌‌​​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​⁠simply the correspondence of human knowledge to its object. 'Practice is the only final test of truth.