French Revolution

execution

guillotine

trivia

is an event that transformed all aspects of human culture, including science, and consolidated the victory of capitalism and subordinated the advance of science to capitalist interests.

The French Revolution qualitatively transformed all aspects of human culture, including science, for better or worse. The institutional ideological changes wrought in French science by the Revolution and its aftermath shaped the subsequent course of modern science everywhere. The essential underlying factor, as the Hessen thesis maintains, was the victory of capitalism, which the Revolution consolidated. The new social order spread to Europe and the rest of the world, everywhere subordinating the further development of science to capitalist interests.

is an ideological construction into which spectators across europe have, from a distance (and for so long) interpreted their own indignations and enthusiasms that the text has finally disappeared under the interpretation.

Noble and enthusiastic spectators across Europe have, from a distance, interpreted their own indignations and enthusiasms into it, and for so long and with such passion that the text has finally disappeared under the interpretation.'

is an indication that progress in history, if not proveable, is possible. The import lay not only in the event, but in the enthusiasm that those events engendered in sympathetic observers.

Nonetheless, Kant concluded that, although progress cannot be proven, we can discern signs that indicate progress is possible. Kant interpreted the French Revolution as a sign that pointed toward the possibility of freedom: The hitherto unthinkable happened, a whole people fearlessly asserted their freedom and equality. For Kant, even more important than the often bloody reality of what went on in the streets of Paris was the enthusiasm that those events engendered in sympathetic observers all around Europe: (Zizek 2008 'cynics' .pdf)

is incomplete. It had freed the capitalist, the bourgeoisie but at the cost of turning the mass of workers into exploited and property less proletarians. The liberal gains of the French revolution were not converted into the emancipation of the people as a whole.

For Marx, the French Revolution remained to be completed. It had freed the capitalist, the bourgeoisie, but at the cost ofturning the mass of workers into exploited and property less proletarians. The liberal gains ofthe French Revolution and Marx never denied that they were gains had to be convertedinto the emancipation of the people as a whole. This would be accomplished by a socialist orcommunist revolution that would abolish private property and bring about the 'freeassociation of producers.' In the final condition of communism, following the transitional 'dictatorship of the proletariat,' the state itself would 'wither away,' having no necessaryfunction. In this vision of the future, the Marxist concept of revolution fused with that of theanarchist, who had particularly strong followings, through the teachings of Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865) and Mikhail Bakunin (1814-1875), in France, Russia, Spain, and Italy.

is one more step in the process of inverting noble values. It was the last great slave revolt'.

For Nietzsche, the event represents 'the last great slave revolt', and he considered it one more step in the process of inverting noble values. See sections 38, 46, 239 and 258, and also slave revolt in morals.

is precisely the world-historical event in which spirit is first fully manifest and real in its full and final opposition to and alienation.

For Hegel the French Revolution is 'that event around which all the determinations of philosophy in relation to its time are clustered, with philosophy marking out the problem through attacks on the defenses of the revolution.'

about Jewish emancipation, which for her meant

is an event which, for the subjects who were participating therein, was unethical, and for the history they enacted, was ethical retrospectively.

(jib) It is this holding separate of the event and its observers that allows us to see the event as (1) horrible and (2) wonderful, world-making -at the same time. The same event contains a wonderful ambiguity within it.

french revolution, n.All

french revolution