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emergence

is epistemologically, the idea that complex systems are too complex to be explained by reductionistic practices. Ontologically it is the idea that new entities with their own properties and causal powers arise and are part of the furniture of the universe.

Roughly speaking emergence breaks into two sub-views, epistemological and ontological emergence. The former says that complex systems are too complex to be explained by reductionitic practices, but that ontologically, reductionism holds' (Stuart Kaufan Net'). The ontological view is that new entitites with their own properties and causal powers arise and are part of the furniture of the universe. I hold strongly to this view and will present a number of cases that appear to support it' (Stuart Kaufan Net')

is simply that property of a system whereby more is different.

a property of a system is emergent if it is not a property of any fundamental element, and emergence is the appearance of emergent properties and structures on a higher level of organization or complexity (if 'more is different' [Anderson 72)' (Jochen From NET)

is a process whereby the emergent is unlike its components. It's components are incommensurable, and cannot be reduced to their sum or their difference.

Every resultant is either a sum or a difference of the co-operant forces... their sum, when their directions are the same -their difference, when their directions are contrary. Further, every resultant is clearly traceable in its components, because these are homogeneous and commensurable. It is otherwise with emergents, when, instead of adding measurable motion to measurable motion, or things of one kind to other individuals of their kind, there is a co-operation of things of unlike kinds. The emergent is unlike its components insofar as these are incommensurable, and it cannot be reduced to their sum or their difference.'[5][6]

is a co-operation of things of unlike kinds, not an adding measurable motion to measurable motion, or things of one kind to other individuals of their kind.

emergence, n.All

emergence