Thinking is a matter of anticipation. It is concerned with delaying one's reaction to a situation to give oneself time to anticipate what others' responses to one's action or gesture will be, and then modifying one's action or gesture accordingly.


Thinking is a dialogue which the soul holds with itself about its object with the aim of constructing a sententially formulated opinion to be tested in dialogue with others.

Thinking is a 'trial act' or a 'test-act' carried out with a minimum of expenditure of energy.


Thinking is a deed. But a deed that also surpasses all praxis. Thinking towers above action and production, not through the grandeur of its achievement and not as a consequence of its effect, but through the humbleness of its inconsequential accomplishment.

Thinking is a kind of doing that is no different than any other kind of activity demanding skill and abilities, practice, and experience gained over time.
Thinking is, as distinct from musing or speculating, a power of decision based on habit.

