Alienation (n.) is a process in personal growth involving a divestiture or externalization from one's 'natural consciousness' that leads to a reunification and development of the self.
Alienation (n.) is a state in which norms are imposed solely as outwardly authoritative and not yet inwardly affirmed. Hegel calls this 'positivity' meaning the opposite of what we might think.
Alienation (n.) is that which consciousness attempts to remove by a series of manoeuvres both to remove the alien otherness of external objects and to acquire objective content for itself.
Alienation (n.) is the extra work needed to raise an average person to a high level of culture (whereby culture, for the average person, appears to be remote, hovers over, and humiliates him).
Alienation (n.) is the stage of disunion which emerges from a simple unity and is subsequently reconciled in a higher, differentiated unity.